mysql 主从同步，双主同步，如果服务器意外挂机，不同步怎么办
首先主从同步
master 192.168.0.21
slave 192.168.0.22
#my.cnf master 配置文件[client]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sockdefault-character-set=utf8[mysqld]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sockskip-external-lockingkey_buffer_size = 16Mmax_allowed_packet = 1Mtable_open_cache = 64sort_buffer_size = 512Knet_buffer_length = 8Kdefault-character-set=utf8read_buffer_size = 256Kread_rnd_buffer_size = 512Kmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 8Mlog-bin=mysql-binbinlog_format=mixed[mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 16M[mysql]no-auto-rehashdefault-character-set=utf8[myisamchk]key_buffer_size = 20Msort_buffer_size = 20Mread_buffer = 2Mwrite_buffer = 2M[mysqlhotcopy]interactive-timeoutserver-id= 1 #增加3条配置binlog-do-db=abc #设置同步数据库，如果有多个数据库，每个数据库一行binlog-ignore-db = mysql #设置不要同步的数据库，如有多个数据库，每个数据库一行log-bin #日志文件
service mysql restart #重启数据库
进入mysql，创建一个数据库abc：create database abc;创建一个用来同步的用户,指定只能在192.168.0.22登录:grant replication slave on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.22'identified by '123456';mysql> use abcDatabase changedmysql> create table bb(idint, name varchar(20),age int);Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)#注意表和数据库格式必须一样
#slavemysql> create database abc;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> use abcDatabase changedmysql> create table bb(idint, name varchar(20),age int);Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
#slave#my.cnf 配置[client]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sockdefault-character-set=utf8[mysqld]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sockskip-external-lockingkey_buffer_size = 16Mmax_allowed_packet = 1Mtable_open_cache = 64sort_buffer_size = 512Knet_buffer_length = 8Kdefault-character-set=utf8read_buffer_size = 256Kread_rnd_buffer_size = 512Kmyisam_sort_buffer_size = 8Mlog-bin=mysql-binbinlog_format=mixedserver-id= 2 #idmaster-host=192.168.0.21 #mysql主ip地址master-user=root #授权用户master-password=123456 #授权密码master-port=3306 #mysql端口master-connect-retry=30 #同步replicate-ignore-db=mysql #设置不要接收的数据库，如有多个数据库，每个数据库一行replicate-do-db=abc #设置要接收的数据库，如有多个数据库，每个数据库一行log-bin[mysqldump]quickmax_allowed_packet = 16M[mysql]no-auto-rehashdefault-character-set=utf8[myisamchk]key_buffer_size = 20Msort_buffer_size = 20Mread_buffer = 2Mwrite_buffer = 2M[mysqlhotcopy]interactive-timeout~
#主上查看mysql> show master status;+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+| mysql-bin.000025 | 377 | abc | |+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+1 row inset(0.00 sec)# 记录下file和position的值#slave 上CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=' mysql-bin.000025',MASTER_LOG_POS=377;# 根据master状态同步mysql> slave start;# 启动slavemysql> show slave status\G;
发现报错信息
mysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Connecting to masterMaster_Host: 192.168.0.21Master_User: rootMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025Read_Master_Log_Pos: 377Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001Relay_Log_Pos: 4Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025Slave_IO_Running: NoSlave_SQL_Running: YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB:Replicate_Do_Table:Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:Last_Errno: 0Last_Error:Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 377Relay_Log_Space: 106Until_Condition: NoneUntil_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos: 0Master_SSL_Allowed: NoMaster_SSL_CA_File:Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert:Master_SSL_Cipher:Master_SSL_Key:Seconds_Behind_Master: NULLMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 2013Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'root@192.168.0.21:330 6'- retry-time: 60 retries: 86400Last_SQL_Errno: 0Last_SQL_Error:1 row inset(0.00 sec)ERROR:No query specified
或者vi/etc/sysconfig/iptables-I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3360 -j DROP-I INPUT -s 119.134.251.49/32-p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT前面那个问题可能是防火墙问题，这次这个问题，是我以前以前同步过现在在做同步就报错了，给出解决方案。[root@localhost ~]# service iptables stopiptables：清除防火墙规则： [确定]iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter [确定]iptables：正在卸载模块： [确定][root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.Your MySQL connection idis 7Server version: 5.1.60-log Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/orits affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/oritsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;'or '\h'forhelp. Type '\c'to clearthe current input statement.mysql> slave stop;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_LOG_FILE=' mysql-bin.000025',MASTER_LOG_POS=377;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)mysql> slave start;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State:Master_Host: 192.168.0.21Master_User: rootMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025Read_Master_Log_Pos: 377Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000001Relay_Log_Pos: 4Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025Slave_IO_Running: NoSlave_SQL_Running: YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB:Replicate_Do_Table:Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:Last_Errno: 0Last_Error:Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 377Relay_Log_Space: 106Until_Condition: NoneUntil_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos: 0Master_SSL_Allowed: NoMaster_SSL_CA_File:Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert:Master_SSL_Cipher:Master_SSL_Key:Seconds_Behind_Master: NULLMaster_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 1236Last_IO_Error: Got fatal error 1236 from master when reading data from binary log: 'Could not find first log file name in binary log index file'Last_SQL_Errno: 0Last_SQL_Error:1 row inset(0.00 sec)ERROR:No query specified
#第三个问题[root@ceshi ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=377 /home/data/websrv/mysql/var/mysql-bin.000025mysqlbinlog: unknown variable 'default-character-set=utf8'解决：[client]port = 3306socket = /tmp/mysql.sock#default-character-set=utf8
[root@ceshi ~]# mysqlbinlog --start-position=377 /home/data/websrv/mysql/var/mysql-bin.000025/*!40019 SET @@session.max_insert_delayed_threads=0*/;/*!50003 SET @OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE=@@COMPLETION_TYPE,COMPLETION_TYPE=0*/;DELIMITER /*!*/;# at 4#131115 22:52:33 server id 1 end_log_pos 106 Start: binlog v 4, server v 5.1.60-log created 131115 22:52:33 at startup# Warning: this binlog is either in use or was not closed properly.ROLLBACK/*!*/;BINLOG 'MTWGUg8BAAAAZgAAAGoAAAABAAQANS4xLjYwLWxvZwAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAxNYZSEzgNAAgAEgAEBAQEEgAAUwAEGggAAAAICAgC'/*!*/;DELIMITER ;# End of log fileROLLBACK /* added by mysqlbinlog */;/*!50003 SET COMPLETION_TYPE=@OLD_COMPLETION_TYPE*/;
看到上面 发现at4
然后我们这样配置
# at 4mysql> slave stop;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.21',MASTER_PORT=3306,MASTER_USER='root', MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000025',master_log_pos=4;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)mysql> slave start;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row ***************************Slave_IO_State: Waiting formaster to send eventMaster_Host: 192.168.0.21Master_User: rootMaster_Port: 3306Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025Read_Master_Log_Pos: 377Relay_Log_File: localhost-relay-bin.000002Relay_Log_Pos: 522Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000025Slave_IO_Running: YesSlave_SQL_Running: YesReplicate_Do_DB:Replicate_Ignore_DB:Replicate_Do_Table:Replicate_Ignore_Table:Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:Last_Errno: 0Last_Error:Skip_Counter: 0Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 377Relay_Log_Space: 681Until_Condition: NoneUntil_Log_File:Until_Log_Pos: 0Master_SSL_Allowed: NoMaster_SSL_CA_File:Master_SSL_CA_Path:Master_SSL_Cert:Master_SSL_Cipher:Master_SSL_Key:Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: NoLast_IO_Errno: 0Last_IO_Error:Last_SQL_Errno: 0Last_SQL_Error:1 row inset(0.00 sec)ERROR:No query specified好了解决了 哈哈！这时我们导入数据测试！！！
这是主数据mysql> use abc;Database changedmysql> show tables;+---------------+| Tables_in_abc |+---------------+| bb |+---------------+1 row inset(0.00 sec)mysql> insert into bb VALUES(1,2,3);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show tables;+---------------+| Tables_in_abc |+---------------+| bb |+---------------+1 row inset(0.00 sec)mysql> select* from bb;+------+------+------+| id| name | age |+------+------+------+| 1 | 2 | 3 |+------+------+------+1 row inset(0.00 sec)mysql> insert into bb VALUES(3,4,5);Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> select* from bb;+------+------+------+| id| name | age |+------+------+------+| 1 | 2 | 3 || 3 | 4 | 5 |+------+------+------+2 rows inset(0.00 sec)mysql>
slave数据：mysql> use abc;Database changedmysql> show tables;+---------------+| Tables_in_abc |+---------------+| bb |+---------------+1 row inset(0.00 sec)mysql> show tables;+---------------+| Tables_in_abc |+---------------+| bb |+---------------+1 row inset(0.00 sec)mysql> select* from bb;+------+------+------+| id| name | age |+------+------+------+| 1 | 2 | 3 |+------+------+------+1 row inset(0.00 sec)mysql> select* from bb;+------+------+------+| id| name | age |+------+------+------+| 1 | 2 | 3 || 3 | 4 | 5 |+------+------+------+2 rows inset(0.01 sec)
主清除数据mysql> delete from bb;Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> select* from bb;Empty set(0.00 sec)slave上mysql> select* from bb;Empty set(0.00 sec)
双主其实更简单
先授权
主：192.168.0.21create database abc;create table bb(idint, name varchar(20),age int);grant replication slave on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.22'identified by '123456';flush privileges;主：192.168.0.22create database abc;create table bb(idint, name varchar(20),age int);grant replication slave on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.21'identified by '123456';flush privileges;
配置文件：
主：192.168.0.21server-id= 1binlog-do-db=abcbinlog-ignore-db = mysqlmaster-host=192.168.0.22master-user=rootmaster-password=123456master-port=3306master-connect-retry=60log-bin主：192.168.0.22server-id= 2binlog-ignore-db = mysqlmaster-host=192.168.0.21master-user=rootmaster-password=123456master-port=3306master-connect-retry=60replicate-do-db=abcbinlog-do-db=abclog-bin
然后重启
因为我的真实环境是主从，这里只测试了主从，双同步一样的道理，只是把主从反过来而已。
#添加开机启动项 然后开机也同步测试[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local#!/bin/sh## This script will be executed *after* all the other init scripts.# You can put your own initialization stuff in here if you don't# want to do the full Sys V style init stuff.touch/var/lock/subsys/localmodprobe ip_conntrack/usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe-c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -dservice php-fpm start/usr/bin/memcachedstartservice mysql restart
注意开机后防火墙端口一定要允许访问3306 否则则不同步！！！！！